Vermont leads efforts to make oil companies pay for climate damages

Vermont has become the first state to pass a law requiring fossil fuel companies to cover the costs of climate-related disasters, with other states poised to follow.

Alex Brown reports for Stateline.


In short:

  • Vermont's law, effective July 1, charges fossil fuel companies based on their historical greenhouse gas emissions.
  • New York, California, Maryland, Massachusetts and New Jersey are considering similar measures, with New York's pending governor approval.
  • The oil industry is preparing legal challenges, arguing the bills are based on unreliable science.

Key quote:

“There’s a wealth of information out there dating back before 1995 indicating that the [oil] industry knew of the risks associated with its products.”

— Elena Mihaly, vice president of Conservation Law Foundation Vermont

Why this matters:

As climate change worsens, states are seeking ways to hold fossil fuel companies financially responsible for damages, potentially setting a precedent for nationwide efforts. These initiatives could face significant legal and political hurdles.

Related: Americans pay a steep price for weather disasters

Interior of chemical factory or plant workshop with metal industrial manufacturing production equipment

Opinion: Artificial intelligence can spur chemical plant decarbonization

AI can help engineers navigate thousands of decisions each shift, including constant energy, emissions, and cost trade-offs.

The New Mexico state capitol building in Santa Fe

Clear Horizons Act, setting emissions goals, heads to New Mexico Senate floor

The Clear Horizons Act would enshrine the climate goals enacted by Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham’s 2019 executive order to lower New Mexico’s greenhouse gas emissions to a 2005 target level.

A ship sailing past a large iceberg

Black carbon spewing from ships is a major climate threat in the Arctic

A coalition of nations and environmental groups is lobbying the International Maritime Organization to create regulations around black carbon, or soot, that spews from ships and blankets parts of glaciers and snow.
A view of ice-covered water with icicles forming on a nearby cliff
Credit: Hans/Unsplash

What over a century of ice data can tell us about the Great Lakes' future

Using old records, scientists created a new dataset on ice cover since 1897. It's already being used to study a declining fish species.
A fracking well next to a farm field

Fracking boom put oil field in Texas river’s floodplain

Lack of a state floodplain policy enabled oil companies to build in parts of Texas hit by an epic inundation less than 30 years ago.
A man wearing a business suit riding his bike to work

Encouragement boosts people’s likelihood to take climate action

Framing climate action as “doing more good” instead of “doing less bad” makes people more willing to act and feel better about it, a study finds.
The blue and white Energy Star logo sticker

Energy Star program survives Trump administration's budget cuts

Energy Star, the program that helps guide consumers to more energy-efficient appliances and electronics, has survived President Donald Trump’s attempt to kill it.
From our Newsroom
Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

One facility has emitted cancer-causing chemicals into waterways at levels up to 520% higher than legal limits.

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

"The reality is, we are not exposed to one chemical at a time.”

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro speaks with the state flag and American flag behind him.

Two years into his term, has Gov. Shapiro kept his promises to regulate Pennsylvania’s fracking industry?

A new report assesses the administration’s progress and makes new recommendations

silhouette of people holding hands by a lake at sunset

An open letter from EPA staff to the American public

“We cannot stand by and allow this to happen. We need to hold this administration accountable.”

wildfire retardants being sprayed by plane

New evidence links heavy metal pollution with wildfire retardants

“The chemical black box” that blankets wildfire-impacted areas is increasingly under scrutiny.

Stay informed: sign up for The Daily Climate newsletter
Top news on climate impacts, solutions, politics, drivers. Delivered to your inbox week days.